Biographia literaria ch - 14 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge

NAME             : GOND ASMITA K                                   

Roll no.           : 2

PAPER NO    : 3^RD literary 

                           theory and criticism

TOPIC  :       Biographia 

                       literaria

                           CH-14, BY  Coleridge

CLASS    : M.A. – SEM-1

GUIDE     : DR. DILIP BARAD

YEAR      : 2014-16

E-MAIL-ID   : asmita.gond 414@gmail.com

SUBMITTED  : M.K. Bhavnagar 

                             University

·    TOPIC   :   Biographia Literaria

                     Chapter-14 by

                    Samuel Taylor Coleridge

           

                   Biographia   Literaria   was written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge so it is important to take the information about him.

v      LIFE OF   SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE :-

      

                       Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772- 1834) was born in Ottery St. Mary in Devonshire, was educated at Christ’s Hospital and Jesus College, Cambridge. Then he met William Wordsworth with who he had mad friendship and they become good friends. After than together they had planned for Lyrical Ballad. And these collection of the poems were become landmark in history of English Literature. Samuel Taylor Coleridge known as great poet because of his hard work.  And it is Coleridge as one of the great poets of the Romanticism that compels our immediate attention. And then in 1834 he was died.

v      Poetical works of Coleridge

                     Coleridge had written many poems and poetical career divided into four parts .Collection of his poems were:

·      ‘ The son of the pixies’

·      ‘Line on an autumn evening’

·      ‘Ode to France’

·      ‘Frost at midnight’

·      ‘Ancient Mariner’

·      ‘Kubla Khan’

                 

                Etc. are Coleridge’s best poems. Coleridge was a genius on poetry and his genius and the poetic flower of the last period are …

·      ‘Ode to Dejection’

·      ‘Love and Hope’

Etc, are the great poems written by him.

                    After than in 1815 he has written Biographia Literaria, which contains 24 chapters.

                “He prayth best who loveth best

                  All things both great and small

                  For the dear God who loveth us,

                  He mad and loveth all”

v      An introduction of Biographia Literaria:-

               The Biographia Literaria was written in 1815 which contains 24 chapters. It is a vast theory by the Coleridge he not only concern with his practical criticism but also with its theoretical, hear he comes at a center  stage by this work. In this theory he has discussed about the differences:

1.  Difference between prose and poetry

2.  Difference between poem and poetry etc.

                   The Biographia Literaria was one of Coleridge’s main critical studies. In this work he discussed the elements of writing and what writing should be  considered genius. Although the work not written from Coleridge’s poetical mind it is still written with the qualities and rhythm of the poetic. Not only he discussed literature itself but he discussed the many variables that influence and inspire writers. Though this discussion he makes many valuable judgements, leaving his audience with a clear understand of his stance on certain issues.   Some of issues also he has tackles include politics, religion, social values and human identity. His treatment of these issues tends to be conservative in its foundation yet, also blatant and original. H does not cater to one certain audieance; rather he expresses his owen yhoughts from a personal point of view. Coleridge delivers the Biographia Literaria without a second thought of weather or not there will be any disagreement from his audience. Before learning the Biograohia Literaria it is important to take the information from the onother book also that what was written over there also.

                In book—4 Coleridge gives two words which were “imagination” and “Fancy” by that he described about the thinking pricess of the mind .  Which was imprinted, stored, recalled and combind thoughts throw a process of association.

                    He has devided mind into two lables “Imagination” and “Fancy”. Hear we find imagination either primery or secondry.

v      Primery Imagination :-

            It considered hold to be the living power and primeagend all human perception and as a repetition in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation  in to infinite I am.

v      Secondary imagination :-

                        It is considered as an echo of the former co-existing with the conscious will , yet still as identical with the primary  in the kind of its agency, and differing only in degree and in the mode of operation. It dissolves , diffuses, dissipates,in order to recreat. It is essentially fixed and dead.

vSecond is ‘fancy’ :-

The faccy is indeed no other than a mode of memory emancipated from the order of time and spaces while it is blended with and modified by that empiricalphenomenon of the will, which we express by the word “choice”.  ‘Fancy’ in Coleridge’s eye was employed for tasks that were ‘passive’ and ‘mechanical’ the accumulation of fact and documentalion of what is seen.

                        Always the ape ‘Fancy’ Coleridge argued , was “too often the adulterator, and counterfeiter of memory. On the other hand ‘Imagination’ on the other hand ‘Vital’ and transformative. Which was a ‘repetition of in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation . For Coleridge imagination that was responsible for acts that were truly creative and inventive and in turn, that identified true instances of fine or noble art.

v      Difference between fancy and Imagination

       

                      The distinction made by Coleridge between ‘Fancy’ and ‘Imagination’. Rested that fact that Fancy was concerned with the mechanical operations of data and storage of such a data in memory. Imagination on the other hand described the ‘mysterious power’, which extracted from such data “hidden ideas and meaning”. It also determined “the various operation of constructive and inventive genius.”

                          So it was ‘fancy’ and ‘imagination’ threw this Coleridge has decribed the whole thing and he has written the Biographia Liter -aria.

                   Now it’s time to learn about Biographia Literaria and what was the Coleridge had explained about it’s theory.

           In Biographia Literaria has Coleridge described two cardinal points that are :

1. The power of existing the sympathy of reader by a faithful adherence to the truth of a nature and

2. The power of giving the interest of novelty by modifying with the colours of imagination.

                                      In to the first cardinal points Coleridge described that the Wordsworth’s poetry and poems are written with the first cardinal point , and the other was dealt by him. Coleridge talks about the first cardinal point s that

               

                  The sudden carm , which accidents of light and shade , which moonlight or sun-set diffused over a known and and familiar landscape, appeared to represent to be chosen the combining the both , These are the poetry of nature.

                   Threw above example and speech he says that Wordsworth Writes poem based on nature and its objects and he also explains that the natural object we were found everywhere . But by taking natural and simple object of nature we should not put our put our poetical personality effectively. And he also explains that simplicity and rustic objects are not good for writing the poetry and so he gives the example by the first cardinal point to point out Wordsworth.

                       In the second type of the poetry, the incidents and agents were to be supernatural. In this sort of poetry to quote Coleridge.

              “The excellent aimed at was to consist in the interesting of affections by the dramatic truth of such emotions as would naturally accompany such situation supposing real. And real in the sense they have been to every human being who, from whatever. Wherever source of delusion has any time believed supernatural agency”

                     Threw it the poetv suggest Coleridge that we have to write poetry according to real situation. And the real thing is combind makes a good poem. And Coleridge also explains that by the truth and reality we can gives pleasure threw our poetry and true joy also.

                   Thus, this we can found the difference between rustic and simple poems and the realistic poems which we found into the Wordsworth and Coleridge’s poems. Where as Coleridge dealing with

                       “Persons and characters supernatural”

On the other hand Wordsworth dealing with

    “Calm and novelty day by day awakening in the wonders of the world”.

            Thus, by talking about two cardinal points in Biographia Literaria he points out the nature of poet Wordsworth.

                 Wordsworth was a great friend of Coleridge but therefore in the work and criticism he direct attack into him becayse of his poetry and poems. And it was the aim of ‘Biographia Literaria’ to show the reality of poems and poets.

               Coleridge also talks about the poetical creed of William Wordsworth.

v      Coleridge’s view on towards Wordsworth’s poetical creed:- (one’s belief)

                       Coleridge not agree with Wordsworth’s  view on poetic diction and he vindicates his poetic creed in Ch-14.    

                   Coleridge says that Wordsworth writes his poems related to the nature and rustic object but on contrast Coleridge explains that ...

                      “Mr. Wordswoth’s poems are silly and childish things , which they were for a long time described as being; had and inanity of thought; and they ended contained nothing more than what is found in the parodies and pretended imitation of them.”

               Threw above quote he talks about that the poems were written by Wordsworth but day by day his admirers were getting increased and what was the reason behind it and what ws the aim of it .

                 He further says Wordsworth’s poems were childish and silly therefore many admirerers and even youngsters read his poems . And he says that by increasing his admirers Coleridge for it gives full credit to Wordsworth. Because of his poetical creed and increased admirers.

                  Thus, we can say that Coleridge has not takes all the point but he has also discussed on volume-2 also about the poems written by Wordsworth . And so he has discussed about the simplysity of  poems written by Wordsworth, threw the Biographia Literaria by Coleridge.

                Hence we may say that , Coleridge is frank enough to pointout that some of the view Wordsworth were nothing wrong in principal and contradictory only in parts of the preface but also the practice of the poet himself many of his poems.

                  “The moon doth with delight

                   Look round her when the heaven are

                    Bare”

                    Waters on a starry night

                      Are beautiful and fair”    

                                       By Wordsworth…..

 “ o! the one life within us and abroad

Which meets all motions and becomes its soul

A light in sound a sound like power in night

Rhythm in all thought and joyance everywhere”

                    By Coleridge…….

             By comparing both poets’ poems we can found that Worssworth  has given the example and described the poems based on natural elemenys. While Coleridge has desdribed the poem threw humanized objects and elements.

                   And so Coleridge says that Wordsworth’s poems were childish and innocent in the theory of Biographia Literaria.

           

v      Difference between prose and poetry:-

                    Coleridge defines diference between poems and poetry a ccording to chapter-14.Befora differentiate poem and poetry a question was raised in our mind that wht is a poem? And What is a poetry?

           What is poetry?

                

       According to Coleridge “Poetry of the highest kind may exist without meter and even without rhyme and was contradistinguish object of mind :”

               Coleridge explains that we can’t found any meter or rhyme into poetry because it was not the imagination of poet’s mind and for proved this he gives the example of Plato, Jeremy Tyler and Bible.And he saya that we fond tru quality on the above point of poetry. Because in poetry we can’t found imagination but we can find history and reality. He also says that poetry is not port’s omagination but it wasv the activity of poet’s mind. Coleridge gives the example of painters, philosophers, and scientists that how 3they were thinking and doing the mind’s activity and poetry is such type of thing which was activity of poet’s mind.

                     Thus, poetry in the large sense bring’s the’ whole soule of men ‘ into activity, with each faculty playing its priper part according to its ‘relative worth and dignity’.

                            This takes synthesizing the place in the integrating , powers of the secondry imagination art at work bringing all espect of subject into complex unity, then poetry in the large sense results.

                     Thus, we can says thatpoetry is not imagination of poet’s mind but it was an activity of poets mind which has not meter not rhyme and not  imagination.

v      Wht is poem ?

                   Coleridge says that poem is based on imagination of poet’s mind and so it has not any  reality.

                        Poems only gives pleasure and joy and poems always created with the help of meter and rhyme or rhythm. And so poetry is totally differ from poems. He says that by modifies the images ,thoughts and emotions of the poets own mind poems were created.

                       And so if we say only in one word that what is poems? So answer is that poem is an imagination of poet’s mind. And it was written for giving pleasure and joy and so these elements we can’t found into the poetry. And so poems were created by imagination. And poets were distinguished from the minds activity and then they creates poems.

                               So thus, hear we can find that how poetry is totally differ from the poem by Coleridge’s chapter -14 Biographia Literaria; that how Coleridge differenciates prose and poems and also poetry  and poems.

                      And with it we can proved that why Coleridge  indicates to Wordsworth that his poems were childish reason was that his poems were based on imagination while Milton’s poetry is based on Bible and poet’s activity and so there is a vast difference we found in poems and poetry by Coleridge’s chapter-14, Biographia Literaria.

v      Difference  between prose and poems:-

                    In the chapter -14 Biographia Literaria by Coleridge we find the difference between prise and poetry .

                  As we all know that poems were based on poet’s imagination and it has also meter and rhyme. But prose is distinguished by meter and rhyme and that was do difference between prose and poem.

    The poems contains same elements as a prose composition but this is difference between the combination of same elements and that are objects, aim and its composition.

                           And towards artificial combination and arrangement of words poet put an idea of imagination and  makes a poem . While prose os totally different toward poem because in prose we can’t found meter, rhyme or anyother things for example…

                  “Thirty days hath September April,

                      June and November and c”

                     On above example  we find there is not used any meter or rhyme . Coleridge says that mere super addition of meter and rhyme does not make a poem.

                  While he says that prose has its own ultimate end . And it was based on truth and history like scientific and historicalcomposition, and it become prose and its purpouse to convey the truth towards the world and readers. And its given facts and themes gives ultimate truth and the end may be moral is call prose.

                    Thus, Coleridge has distinguish prose and poetry by ch-14 and it was distinguished by taking the help of prose , poetry, poems and other critics. And it was the totall difference we found between prose and poems by same objects.

       Conclusion:--

Here we found that great poet Samuel Taylore Coleridge has written a theory which was ‘Biographia Literaria’. And it contains 24 chapters and we have learned only 14^th chapter but we  found that how Coleridge has differicianted the things like prose, poems and poetry and also the great poem and poet Wordsworth also.

        

       And hear Coleridge in this critical distinguish, concern himself not only with the practice of  criticism but also its theory. Ansd the theory of 14^th chapter distinguishing many and thing by its own objects and with examples which we found in 14^th chapter Biographia Literaria by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

        

                       

         

      

       

     

 

 NAME                     : GOND    ASMITA   K            

Roll no.                  : 2^ND

PAPER NO             : 3^RD (Literary theory and Criticism)

TOPIC                     : BIOGRAPHIA LITERARIA

                                            CH-14, BY COLERIDGE.

CLASS                    : M.A. – SEM-1

GUIDE                  : DR. DILIP BARAD

YEAR                    : 2014-16

E-MAIL-ID           : asmita.gond414@gmail.com

SUBMITTED TO   : M.K.  BHAVNAGAR

                                UNIVERSITY

·    TOPIC   :   Biographia Literarya

                     Chapter-14 by

                    Samuel Taylor Coleridge

           

                   Biographia   Literaria   was written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge so it is important to take the information about him.

v      LIFE OF   SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE :-

      

                       Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772- 1834) was born in Ottery St. Mary in Devonshire, was educated at Christ’s Hospital and Jesus College, Cambridge. Then he met William Wordsworth with who he had mad friendship and they become good friends. After than together they had planned for Lyrical Ballad. And these collection of the poems were become landmark in history of English Literature. Samuel Taylor Coleridge known as great poet because of his hard work.  And it is Coleridge as one of the great poets of the Romanticism that compels our immediate attention. And then in 1834 he was died.

v      Poetical works of Coleridge

                     Coleridge had written many poems and poetical career divided into four parts .Collection of his poems were:

·      ‘ The son of the pixies’

·      ‘Line on an autumn evening’

·      ‘Ode to France’

·      ‘Frost at midnight’

·      ‘Ancient Mariner’

·      ‘Kubla Khan’

                 

                Etc. are Coleridge’s best poems. Coleridge was a genius on poetry and his genius and the poetic flower of the last period are …

·      ‘Ode to Dejection’

·      ‘Love and Hope’

Etc, are the great poems written by him.

                    After than in 1815 he has written Biographia Literaria, which contains 24 chapters.

                “He prayth best who loveth best

                  All things both great and small

                  For the dear God who loveth us,

                  He mad and loveth all”

v      An introduction of Biographia Literaria:-

               The Biographia Literaria was written in 1815 which contains 24 chapters. It is a vast theory by the Coleridge he not only concern with his practical criticism but also with its theoretical, hear he comes at a center  stage by this work. In this theory he has discussed about the differences:

1.  Difference between prose and poetry

2.  Difference between poem and poetry etc.

                   The Biographia Literaria was one of Coleridge’s main critical studies. In this work he discussed the elements of writing and what writing should be  considered genius. Although the work not written from Coleridge’s poetical mind it is still written with the qualities and rhythm of the poetic. Not only he discussed literature itself but he discussed the many variables that influence and inspire writers. Though this discussion he makes many valuable judgements, leaving his audience with a clear understand of his stance on certain issues.   Some of issues also he has tackles include politics, religion, social values and human identity. His treatment of these issues tends to be conservative in its foundation yet, also blatant and original. H does not cater to one certain audieance; rather he expresses his owen yhoughts from a personal point of view. Coleridge delivers the Biographia Literaria without a second thought of weather or not there will be any disagreement from his audience. Before learning the Biograohia Literaria it is important to take the information from the onother book also that what was written over there also.

                In book—4 Coleridge gives two words which were “imagination” and “Fancy” by that he described about the thinking pricess of the mind .  Which was imprinted, stored, recalled and combind thoughts throw a process of association.

                    He has devided mind into two lables “Imagination” and “Fancy”. Hear we find imagination either primery or secondry.

v      Primery Imagination :-

            It considered hold to be the living power and primeagend all human perception and as a repetition in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation  in to infinite I am.

v      Secondary imagination :-

                        It is considered as an echo of the former co-existing with the conscious will , yet still as identical with the primary  in the kind of its agency, and differing only in degree and in the mode of operation. It dissolves , diffuses, dissipates,in order to recreat. It is essentially fixed and dead.

vSecond is ‘fancy’ :-

The faccy is indeed no other than a mode of memory emancipated from the order of time and spaces while it is blended with and modified by that empiricalphenomenon of the will, which we express by the word “choice”.  ‘Fancy’ in Coleridge’s eye was employed for tasks that were ‘passive’ and ‘mechanical’ the accumulation of fact and documentalion of what is seen.

                        Always the ape ‘Fancy’ Coleridge argued , was “too often the adulterator, and counterfeiter of memory. On the other hand ‘Imagination’ on the other hand ‘Vital’ and transformative. Which was a ‘repetition of in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation . For Coleridge imagination that was responsible for acts that were truly creative and inventive and in turn, that identified true instances of fine or noble art.

v      Difference between fancy and Imagination

       

                      The distinction made by Coleridge between ‘Fancy’ and ‘Imagination’. Rested that fact that Fancy was concerned with the mechanical operations of data and storage of such a data in memory. Imagination on the other hand described the ‘mysterious power’, which extracted from such data “hidden ideas and meaning”. It also determined “the various operation of constructive and inventive genius.”

                          So it was ‘fancy’ and ‘imagination’ threw this Coleridge has decribed the whole thing and he has written the Biographia Liter -aria.

                   Now it’s time to learn about Biographia Literaria and what was the Coleridge had explained about it’s theory.

           In Biographia Literaria has Coleridge described two cardinal points that are :

1. The power of existing the sympathy of reader by a faithful adherence to the truth of a nature and

2. The power of giving the interest of novelty by modifying with the colours of imagination.

                                      In to the first cardinal points Coleridge described that the Wordsworth’s poetry and poems are written with the first cardinal point , and the other was dealt by him. Coleridge talks about the first cardinal point s that

               

                  The sudden carm , which accidents of light and shade , which moonlight or sun-set diffused over a known and and familiar landscape, appeared to represent to be chosen the combining the both , These are the poetry of nature.

                   Threw above example and speech he says that Wordsworth Writes poem based on nature and its objects and he also explains that the natural object we were found everywhere . But by taking natural and simple object of nature we should not put our put our poetical personality effectively. And he also explains that simplicity and rustic objects are not good for writing the poetry and so he gives the example by the first cardinal point to point out Wordsworth.

                       In the second type of the poetry, the incidents and agents were to be supernatural. In this sort of poetry to quote Coleridge.

              “The excellent aimed at was to consist in the interesting of affections by the dramatic truth of such emotions as would naturally accompany such situation supposing real. And real in the sense they have been to every human being who, from whatever. Wherever source of delusion has any time believed supernatural agency”

                     Threw it the poetv suggest Coleridge that we have to write poetry according to real situation. And the real thing is combind makes a good poem. And Coleridge also explains that by the truth and reality we can gives pleasure threw our poetry and true joy also.

                   Thus, this we can found the difference between rustic and simple poems and the realistic poems which we found into the Wordsworth and Coleridge’s poems. Where as Coleridge dealing with

                       “Persons and characters supernatural”

On the other hand Wordsworth dealing with

    “Calm and novelty day by day awakening in the wonders of the world”.

            Thus, by talking about two cardinal points in Biographia Literaria he points out the nature of poet Wordsworth.

                 Wordsworth was a great friend of Coleridge but therefore in the work and criticism he direct attack into him becayse of his poetry and poems. And it was the aim of ‘Biographia Literaria’ to show the reality of poems and poets.

               Coleridge also talks about the poetical creed of William Wordsworth.

v      Coleridge’s view on towards Wordsworth’s poetical creed:- (one’s belief)

                       Coleridge not agree with Wordsworth’s  view on poetic diction and he vindicates his poetic creed in Ch-14.    

                   Coleridge says that Wordsworth writes his poems related to the nature and rustic object but on contrast Coleridge explains that ...

                      “Mr. Wordswoth’s poems are silly and childish things , which they were for a long time described as being; had and inanity of thought; and they ended contained nothing more than what is found in the parodies and pretended imitation of them.”

               Threw above quote he talks about that the poems were written by Wordsworth but day by day his admirers were getting increased and what was the reason behind it and what ws the aim of it .

                 He further says Wordsworth’s poems were childish and silly therefore many admirerers and even youngsters read his poems . And he says that by increasing his admirers Coleridge for it gives full credit to Wordsworth. Because of his poetical creed and increased admirers.

                  Thus, we can say that Coleridge has not takes all the point but he has also discussed on volume-2 also about the poems written by Wordsworth . And so he has discussed about the simplysity of  poems written by Wordsworth, threw the Biographia Literaria by Coleridge.

                Hence we may say that , Coleridge is frank enough to pointout that some of the view Wordsworth were nothing wrong in principal and contradictory only in parts of the preface but also the practice of the poet himself many of his poems.

                  “The moon doth with delight

                   Look round her when the heaven are

                    Bare”

                    Waters on a starry night

                      Are beautiful and fair”    

                                       By Wordsworth…..

 “ o! the one life within us and abroad

Which meets all motions and becomes its soul

A light in sound a sound like power in night

Rhythm in all thought and joyance everywhere”

                    By Coleridge…….

             By comparing both poets’ poems we can found that Worssworth  has given the example and described the poems based on natural elemenys. While Coleridge has desdribed the poem threw humanized objects and elements.

                   And so Coleridge says that Wordsworth’s poems were childish and innocent in the theory of Biographia Literaria.

           

v      Difference between prose and poetry:-

                    Coleridge defines diference between poems and poetry a ccording to chapter-14.Befora differentiate poem and poetry a question was raised in our mind that wht is a poem? And What is a poetry?

           What is poetry?

                

       According to Coleridge “Poetry of the highest kind may exist without meter and even without rhyme and was contradistinguish object of mind :”

               Coleridge explains that we can’t found any meter or rhyme into poetry because it was not the imagination of poet’s mind and for proved this he gives the example of Plato, Jeremy Tyler and Bible.And he saya that we fond tru quality on the above point of poetry. Because in poetry we can’t found imagination but we can find history and reality. He also says that poetry is not port’s omagination but it wasv the activity of poet’s mind. Coleridge gives the example of painters, philosophers, and scientists that how 3they were thinking and doing the mind’s activity and poetry is such type of thing which was activity of poet’s mind.

                     Thus, poetry in the large sense bring’s the’ whole soule of men ‘ into activity, with each faculty playing its priper part according to its ‘relative worth and dignity’.

                            This takes synthesizing the place in the integrating , powers of the secondry imagination art at work bringing all espect of subject into complex unity, then poetry in the large sense results.

                     Thus, we can says thatpoetry is not imagination of poet’s mind but it was an activity of poets mind which has not meter not rhyme and not  imagination.

v      Wht is poem ?

                   Coleridge says that poem is based on imagination of poet’s mind and so it has not any  reality.

                        Poems only gives pleasure and joy and poems always created with the help of meter and rhyme or rhythm. And so poetry is totally differ from poems. He says that by modifies the images ,thoughts and emotions of the poets own mind poems were created.

                       And so if we say only in one word that what is poems? So answer is that poem is an imagination of poet’s mind. And it was written for giving pleasure and joy and so these elements we can’t found into the poetry. And so poems were created by imagination. And poets were distinguished from the minds activity and then they creates poems.

                               So thus, hear we can find that how poetry is totally differ from the poem by Coleridge’s chapter -14 Biographia Literaria; that how Coleridge differenciates prose and poems and also poetry  and poems.

                      And with it we can proved that why Coleridge  indicates to Wordsworth that his poems were childish reason was that his poems were based on imagination while Milton’s poetry is based on Bible and poet’s activity and so there is a vast difference we found in poems and poetry by Coleridge’s chapter-14, Biographia Literaria.

v      Difference  between prose and poems:-

                    In the chapter -14 Biographia Literaria by Coleridge we find the difference between prise and poetry .

                  As we all know that poems were based on poet’s imagination and it has also meter and rhyme. But prose is distinguished by meter and rhyme and that was do difference between prose and poem.

    The poems contains same elements as a prose composition but this is difference between the combination of same elements and that are objects, aim and its composition.

                           And towards artificial combination and arrangement of words poet put an idea of imagination and  makes a poem . While prose os totally different toward poem because in prose we can’t found meter, rhyme or anyother things for example…

                  “Thirty days hath September April,

                      June and November and c”

                     On above example  we find there is not used any meter or rhyme . Coleridge says that mere super addition of meter and rhyme does not make a poem.

                  While he says that prose has its own ultimate end . And it was based on truth and history like scientific and historicalcomposition, and it become prose and its purpouse to convey the truth towards the world and readers. And its given facts and themes gives ultimate truth and the end may be moral is call prose.

                    Thus, Coleridge has distinguish prose and poetry by ch-14 and it was distinguished by taking the help of prose , poetry, poems and other critics. And it was the totall difference we found between prose and poems by same objects.

       Conclusion:--

Here we found that great poet Samuel Taylore Coleridge has written a theory which was ‘Biographia Literaria’. And it contains 24 chapters and we have learned only 14^th chapter but we  found that how Coleridge has differicianted the things like prose, poems and poetry and also the great poem and poet Wordsworth also.

        

       And hear Coleridge in this critical distinguish, concern himself not only with the practice of  criticism but also its theory. Ansd the theory of 14^th chapter distinguishing many and thing by its own objects and with examples which we found in 14^th chapter Biographia Literaria by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

        

                       

         

      

       

     

 

 NAME                     : GOND    ASMITA   K            

Roll no.                  : 2^ND

PAPER NO             : 3^RD (Literary theory and Criticism)

TOPIC                     : BIOGRAPHIA LITERARIA

                                            CH-14, BY COLERIDGE.

CLASS                    : M.A. – SEM-1

GUIDE                  : DR. DILIP BARAD

YEAR                    : 2014-16

E-MAIL-ID           : asmita.gond414@gmail.com

SUBMITTED TO   : M.K.  BHAVNAGAR

                                UNIVERSITY

·    TOPIC   :   Biographia Literarya

                     Chapter-14 by

                    Samuel Taylor Coleridge

           

                   Biographia   Literaria   was written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge so it is important to take the information about him.

v      LIFE OF   SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE :-

      

                       Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772- 1834) was born in Ottery St. Mary in Devonshire, was educated at Christ’s Hospital and Jesus College, Cambridge. Then he met William Wordsworth with who he had mad friendship and they become good friends. After than together they had planned for Lyrical Ballad. And these collection of the poems were become landmark in history of English Literature. Samuel Taylor Coleridge known as great poet because of his hard work.  And it is Coleridge as one of the great poets of the Romanticism that compels our immediate attention. And then in 1834 he was died.

v      Poetical works of Coleridge

                     Coleridge had written many poems and poetical career divided into four parts .Collection of his poems were:

·      ‘ The son of the pixies’

·      ‘Line on an autumn evening’

·      ‘Ode to France’

·      ‘Frost at midnight’

·      ‘Ancient Mariner’

·      ‘Kubla Khan’

                 

                Etc. are Coleridge’s best poems. Coleridge was a genius on poetry and his genius and the poetic flower of the last period are …

·      ‘Ode to Dejection’

·      ‘Love and Hope’

Etc, are the great poems written by him.

                    After than in 1815 he has written Biographia Literaria, which contains 24 chapters.

                “He prayth best who loveth best

                  All things both great and small

                  For the dear God who loveth us,

                  He mad and loveth all”

v      An introduction of Biographia Literaria:-

               The Biographia Literaria was written in 1815 which contains 24 chapters. It is a vast theory by the Coleridge he not only concern with his practical criticism but also with its theoretical, hear he comes at a center  stage by this work. In this theory he has discussed about the differences:

1.  Difference between prose and poetry

2.  Difference between poem and poetry etc.

                   The Biographia Literaria was one of Coleridge’s main critical studies. In this work he discussed the elements of writing and what writing should be  considered genius. Although the work not written from Coleridge’s poetical mind it is still written with the qualities and rhythm of the poetic. Not only he discussed literature itself but he discussed the many variables that influence and inspire writers. Though this discussion he makes many valuable judgements, leaving his audience with a clear understand of his stance on certain issues.   Some of issues also he has tackles include politics, religion, social values and human identity. His treatment of these issues tends to be conservative in its foundation yet, also blatant and original. H does not cater to one certain audieance; rather he expresses his owen yhoughts from a personal point of view. Coleridge delivers the Biographia Literaria without a second thought of weather or not there will be any disagreement from his audience. Before learning the Biograohia Literaria it is important to take the information from the onother book also that what was written over there also.

                In book—4 Coleridge gives two words which were “imagination” and “Fancy” by that he described about the thinking pricess of the mind .  Which was imprinted, stored, recalled and combind thoughts throw a process of association.

                    He has devided mind into two lables “Imagination” and “Fancy”. Hear we find imagination either primery or secondry.

v      Primery Imagination :-

            It considered hold to be the living power and primeagend all human perception and as a repetition in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation  in to infinite I am.

v      Secondary imagination :-

                        It is considered as an echo of the former co-existing with the conscious will , yet still as identical with the primary  in the kind of its agency, and differing only in degree and in the mode of operation. It dissolves , diffuses, dissipates,in order to recreat. It is essentially fixed and dead.

vSecond is ‘fancy’ :-

The faccy is indeed no other than a mode of memory emancipated from the order of time and spaces while it is blended with and modified by that empiricalphenomenon of the will, which we express by the word “choice”.  ‘Fancy’ in Coleridge’s eye was employed for tasks that were ‘passive’ and ‘mechanical’ the accumulation of fact and documentalion of what is seen.

                        Always the ape ‘Fancy’ Coleridge argued , was “too often the adulterator, and counterfeiter of memory. On the other hand ‘Imagination’ on the other hand ‘Vital’ and transformative. Which was a ‘repetition of in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation . For Coleridge imagination that was responsible for acts that were truly creative and inventive and in turn, that identified true instances of fine or noble art.

v      Difference between fancy and Imagination

       

                      The distinction made by Coleridge between ‘Fancy’ and ‘Imagination’. Rested that fact that Fancy was concerned with the mechanical operations of data and storage of such a data in memory. Imagination on the other hand described the ‘mysterious power’, which extracted from such data “hidden ideas and meaning”. It also determined “the various operation of constructive and inventive genius.”

                          So it was ‘fancy’ and ‘imagination’ threw this Coleridge has decribed the whole thing and he has written the Biographia Liter -aria.

                   Now it’s time to learn about Biographia Literaria and what was the Coleridge had explained about it’s theory.

           In Biographia Literaria has Coleridge described two cardinal points that are :

1. The power of existing the sympathy of reader by a faithful adherence to the truth of a nature and

2. The power of giving the interest of novelty by modifying with the colours of imagination.

                                      In to the first cardinal points Coleridge described that the Wordsworth’s poetry and poems are written with the first cardinal point , and the other was dealt by him. Coleridge talks about the first cardinal point s that

               

                  The sudden carm , which accidents of light and shade , which moonlight or sun-set diffused over a known and and familiar landscape, appeared to represent to be chosen the combining the both , These are the poetry of nature.

                   Threw above example and speech he says that Wordsworth Writes poem based on nature and its objects and he also explains that the natural object we were found everywhere . But by taking natural and simple object of nature we should not put our put our poetical personality effectively. And he also explains that simplicity and rustic objects are not good for writing the poetry and so he gives the example by the first cardinal point to point out Wordsworth.

                       In the second type of the poetry, the incidents and agents were to be supernatural. In this sort of poetry to quote Coleridge.

              “The excellent aimed at was to consist in the interesting of affections by the dramatic truth of such emotions as would naturally accompany such situation supposing real. And real in the sense they have been to every human being who, from whatever. Wherever source of delusion has any time believed supernatural agency”

                     Threw it the poetv suggest Coleridge that we have to write poetry according to real situation. And the real thing is combind makes a good poem. And Coleridge also explains that by the truth and reality we can gives pleasure threw our poetry and true joy also.

                   Thus, this we can found the difference between rustic and simple poems and the realistic poems which we found into the Wordsworth and Coleridge’s poems. Where as Coleridge dealing with

                       “Persons and characters supernatural”

On the other hand Wordsworth dealing with

    “Calm and novelty day by day awakening in the wonders of the world”.

            Thus, by talking about two cardinal points in Biographia Literaria he points out the nature of poet Wordsworth.

                 Wordsworth was a great friend of Coleridge but therefore in the work and criticism he direct attack into him becayse of his poetry and poems. And it was the aim of ‘Biographia Literaria’ to show the reality of poems and poets.

               Coleridge also talks about the poetical creed of William Wordsworth.

v      Coleridge’s view on towards Wordsworth’s poetical creed:- (one’s belief)

                       Coleridge not agree with Wordsworth’s  view on poetic diction and he vindicates his poetic creed in Ch-14.    

                   Coleridge says that Wordsworth writes his poems related to the nature and rustic object but on contrast Coleridge explains that ...

                      “Mr. Wordswoth’s poems are silly and childish things , which they were for a long time described as being; had and inanity of thought; and they ended contained nothing more than what is found in the parodies and pretended imitation of them.”

               Threw above quote he talks about that the poems were written by Wordsworth but day by day his admirers were getting increased and what was the reason behind it and what ws the aim of it .

                 He further says Wordsworth’s poems were childish and silly therefore many admirerers and even youngsters read his poems . And he says that by increasing his admirers Coleridge for it gives full credit to Wordsworth. Because of his poetical creed and increased admirers.

                  Thus, we can say that Coleridge has not takes all the point but he has also discussed on volume-2 also about the poems written by Wordsworth . And so he has discussed about the simplysity of  poems written by Wordsworth, threw the Biographia Literaria by Coleridge.

                Hence we may say that , Coleridge is frank enough to pointout that some of the view Wordsworth were nothing wrong in principal and contradictory only in parts of the preface but also the practice of the poet himself many of his poems.

                  “The moon doth with delight

                   Look round her when the heaven are

                    Bare”

                    Waters on a starry night

                      Are beautiful and fair”    

                                       By Wordsworth…..

 “ o! the one life within us and abroad

Which meets all motions and becomes its soul

A light in sound a sound like power in night

Rhythm in all thought and joyance everywhere”

                    By Coleridge…….

             By comparing both poets’ poems we can found that Worssworth  has given the example and described the poems based on natural elemenys. While Coleridge has desdribed the poem threw humanized objects and elements.

                   And so Coleridge says that Wordsworth’s poems were childish and innocent in the theory of Biographia Literaria.

           

v      Difference between prose and poetry:-

                    Coleridge defines diference between poems and poetry a ccording to chapter-14.Befora differentiate poem and poetry a question was raised in our mind that wht is a poem? And What is a poetry?

           What is poetry?

                

       According to Coleridge “Poetry of the highest kind may exist without meter and even without rhyme and was contradistinguish object of mind :”

               Coleridge explains that we can’t found any meter or rhyme into poetry because it was not the imagination of poet’s mind and for proved this he gives the example of Plato, Jeremy Tyler and Bible.And he saya that we fond tru quality on the above point of poetry. Because in poetry we can’t found imagination but we can find history and reality. He also says that poetry is not port’s omagination but it wasv the activity of poet’s mind. Coleridge gives the example of painters, philosophers, and scientists that how 3they were thinking and doing the mind’s activity and poetry is such type of thing which was activity of poet’s mind.

                     Thus, poetry in the large sense bring’s the’ whole soule of men ‘ into activity, with each faculty playing its priper part according to its ‘relative worth and dignity’.

                            This takes synthesizing the place in the integrating , powers of the secondry imagination art at work bringing all espect of subject into complex unity, then poetry in the large sense results.

                     Thus, we can says thatpoetry is not imagination of poet’s mind but it was an activity of poets mind which has not meter not rhyme and not  imagination.

v      Wht is poem ?

                   Coleridge says that poem is based on imagination of poet’s mind and so it has not any  reality.

                        Poems only gives pleasure and joy and poems always created with the help of meter and rhyme or rhythm. And so poetry is totally differ from poems. He says that by modifies the images ,thoughts and emotions of the poets own mind poems were created.

                       And so if we say only in one word that what is poems? So answer is that poem is an imagination of poet’s mind. And it was written for giving pleasure and joy and so these elements we can’t found into the poetry. And so poems were created by imagination. And poets were distinguished from the minds activity and then they creates poems.

                               So thus, hear we can find that how poetry is totally differ from the poem by Coleridge’s chapter -14 Biographia Literaria; that how Coleridge differenciates prose and poems and also poetry  and poems.

                      And with it we can proved that why Coleridge  indicates to Wordsworth that his poems were childish reason was that his poems were based on imagination while Milton’s poetry is based on Bible and poet’s activity and so there is a vast difference we found in poems and poetry by Coleridge’s chapter-14, Biographia Literaria.

v      Difference  between prose and poems:-

                    In the chapter -14 Biographia Literaria by Coleridge we find the difference between prise and poetry .

                  As we all know that poems were based on poet’s imagination and it has also meter and rhyme. But prose is distinguished by meter and rhyme and that was do difference between prose and poem.

    The poems contains same elements as a prose composition but this is difference between the combination of same elements and that are objects, aim and its composition.

                           And towards artificial combination and arrangement of words poet put an idea of imagination and  makes a poem . While prose os totally different toward poem because in prose we can’t found meter, rhyme or anyother things for example…

                  “Thirty days hath September April,

                      June and November and c”

                     On above example  we find there is not used any meter or rhyme . Coleridge says that mere super addition of meter and rhyme does not make a poem.

                  While he says that prose has its own ultimate end . And it was based on truth and history like scientific and historicalcomposition, and it become prose and its purpouse to convey the truth towards the world and readers. And its given facts and themes gives ultimate truth and the end may be moral is call prose.

                    Thus, Coleridge has distinguish prose and poetry by ch-14 and it was distinguished by taking the help of prose , poetry, poems and other critics. And it was the totall difference we found between prose and poems by same objects.

       Conclusion:--

Here we found that great poet Samuel Taylore Coleridge has written a theory which was ‘Biographia Literaria’. And it contains 24 chapters and we have learned only 14^th chapter but we  found that how Coleridge has differicianted the things like prose, poems and poetry and also the great poem and poet Wordsworth also.

        

       And hear Coleridge in this critical distinguish, concern himself not only with the practice of  criticism but also its theory. Ansd the theory of 14^th chapter distinguishing many and thing by its own objects and with examples which we found in 14^th chapter Biographia Literaria by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

        

                       

         

      

       

     

 

 NAME              : GOND  ASMITA    K            

Roll no.              : 2^ND

PAPER NO       : 3^RD (Literary theory and Criticism)

TOPIC               : BIOGRAPHIA LITERARIA

                                            CH-14, BY COLERIDGE

CLASS                    : M.A. – SEM-1

GUIDE                  : DR. DILIP BARAD

YEAR                    : 2014-16

E-MAIL-ID           : asmita.gond414@gmail.com

SUBMITTED TO : M.K. BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY

·    TOPIC   :   Biographia Literarya

                     Chapter-14 by

                    Samuel Taylor Coleridge

           

                   Biographia   Literaria   was written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge so it is important to take the information about him.

v      LIFE OF   SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE :-

      

                       Samuel Taylor Coleridge  (1772- 1834)

was born in Ottery St. Mary in Devonshire, was educated at Christ’s Hospital and Jesus College, Cambridge. Then he met William Wordsworth with who he had mad friendship and they become good friends. After than together they had planned for Lyrical Ballad. And these collection of the poems were become landmark in history of English Literature. Samuel Taylor Coleridge known as great poet because of his hard work.  And it is Coleridge as one of the great poets of the Romanticism that compels our immediate attention. And then in 1834 he was died.

v      Poetical works of Coleridge

                     Coleridge had written many poems and poetical career divided into four parts .Collection of his poems were:

·      ‘ The son of the pixies’

·      ‘Line on an autumn evening’

·      ‘Ode to France’

·      ‘Frost at midnight’

·      ‘Ancient Mariner’

·      ‘Kubla Khan’

                 

                Etc. are Coleridge’s best poems. Coleridge was a genius on poetry and his genius and the poetic flower of the last period are …

·      ‘Ode to Dejection’

·      ‘Love and Hope’

Etc, are the great poems written by him.

                    After than in 1815 he has written Biographia Literaria, which contains 24 chapters.

                “He prayth best who loveth best

                  All things both great and small

                  For the dear God who loveth us,

                  He mad and loveth all”

v      An introduction of Biographia Literaria:-

               The Biographia Literaria was written in 1815 which contains 24 chapters. It is a vast theory by the Coleridge he not only concern with his practical criticism but also with its theoretical, hear he comes at a center  stage by this work. In this theory he has discussed about the differences:

1.  Difference between prose and poetry

2.  Difference between poem and poetry etc.

                   The Biographia Literaria was one of Coleridge’s main critical studies. In this work he discussed the elements of writing and what writing should be  considered genius. Although the work not written from Coleridge’s poetical mind it is still written with the qualities and rhythm of the poetic. Not only he discussed literature itself but he discussed the many variables that influence and inspire writers. Though this discussion he makes many valuable judgements, leaving his audience with a clear understand of his stance on certain issues.   Some of issues also he has tackles include politics, religion, social values and human identity. 

His treatment of these issues tends to be conservative in its foundation yet, also blatant and original. H does not cater to one certain audieance; rather he expresses his owen thoughts from a personal point of view. Coleridge delivers the Biographia Literaria without a second thought of weather or not there will be any disagreement from his audience. Before learning the Biograohia Literaria it is important to take the information from the another book also that what was written over there also.

                In book—4 Coleridge gives two words which were “imagination” and “Fancy” by that he described about the thinking pricess of the mind .  Which was imprinted, stored, recalled and combind thoughts throw a process of association.

                    He has devided mind into two lables “Imagination” and “Fancy”. Hear we find imagination either primery or secondry.

v      Primery Imagination :-

            It considered hold to be the living power and primeagend all human perception and as a repetition in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation  in to infinite I am.

v      Secondary imagination :-

                        It is considered as an echo of the former co-existing with the conscious will , yet still as identical with the primary  in the kind of its agency, and differing only in degree and in the mode of operation. It dissolves , diffuses, dissipates,in order to recreat. It is essentially fixed and dead.

vSecond is ‘fancy’ :-

The fancy is indeed no other than a mode of memory emancipated from the order of time and spaces while it is blended with and modified by that empirical phenomenon of the will, which we express by the word “choice”.  ‘Fancy’ in Coleridge’s eye was employed for tasks that were ‘passive’ and ‘mechanical’ the accumulation of fact and documentation of what is seen.

                        Always the ape ‘Fancy’ Coleridge argued , was “too often the adulterated and counterfeiter of memory. On the other hand ‘Imagination’ on the other hand ‘Vital’ and transformation. Which was a ‘repetition of in the finite mind of the eternal act of creation . For Coleridge imagination that was responsible for acts that were truly creative and inventive and in turn, that identified true instances of fine or noble art.

v      Difference between fancy and Imagination

       

                      The distinction made by Coleridge between ‘Fancy’ and ‘Imagination’. Rested that fact that Fancy was concerned with the mechanical operations of data and storage of such a data in memory. Imagination on the other hand described the ‘mysterious power’, which extracted from such data “hidden ideas and meaning”. It also determined “the various operation of constructive and inventive genius.”

                          So it was ‘fancy’ and ‘imagination’ threw this Coleridge has decribed the whole thing and he has written the Biographia Liter -aria.

                   Now it’s time to learn about Biographia Literaria and what was the Coleridge had explained about it’s theory.

           In Biographia Literaria has Coleridge described two cardinal points that are :

1. The power of existing the sympathy of reader by a faithful adherence to the truth of a nature and

2. The power of giving the interest of novelty by modifying with the colours of imagination.

                                      In to the first cardinal points Coleridge described that the Wordsworth’s poetry and poems are written with the first cardinal point , and the other was dealt by him. Coleridge talks about the first cardinal point s that

               

                  The sudden carm , which accidents of light and shade , which moonlight or sun-set diffused over a known and and familiar landscape, appeared to represent to be chosen the combining the both , These are the poetry of nature.

                   Threw above example and speech he says that Wordsworth Writes poem based on nature and its objects and he also explains that the natural object we were found everywhere . But by taking natural and simple object of nature we should not put our put our poetical personality effectively. And he also explains that simplicity and rustic objects are not good for writing the poetry and so he gives the example by the first cardinal point to point out Wordsworth.

                       In the second type of the poetry, the incidents and agents were to be supernatural. In this sort of poetry to quote Coleridge.

              “The excellent aimed at was to consist in the interesting of affections by the dramatic truth of such emotions as would naturally accompany such situation supposing real. And real in the sense they have been to every human being who, from whatever. Wherever source of delusion has any time believed supernatural agency”

                     Threw it the poet suggest Coleridge that we have to write poetry according to real situation. And the real thing is combind makes a good poem. And Coleridge also explains that by the truth and reality we can gives pleasure threw our poetry and true joy also.

                   Thus, this we can found the difference between rustic and simple poems and the realistic poems which we found into the Wordsworth and Coleridge’s poems. Where as Coleridge dealing with

                       “Persons and characters            supernatural”

On the other hand Wordsworth dealing with

    “Calm and novelty day by day awakening in the wonders of the world”.

            Thus, by talking about two cardinal points in Biographia Literaria he points out the nature of poet Wordsworth.

                 Wordsworth was a great friend of Coleridge but therefore in the work and criticism he direct attack into him because of his poetry and poems. And it was the aim of ‘Biographia Literaria’ to show the reality of poems and poets.

               Coleridge also talks about the poetical creed of William Wordsworth.

v      Coleridge’s view on towards Wordsworth’s poetical creed:- (one’s belief)

                       Coleridge not agree with Wordsworth’s  view on poetic diction and he vindicates his poetic creed in Ch-14.    

                   Coleridge says that Wordsworth writes his poems related to the nature and rustic object but on contrast Coleridge explains that ...

                      “Mr. Wordsworth poems are silly and childish things , which they were for a long time described as being; had and inanity of thought; and they ended contained nothing more than what is found in the parodies and pretended imitation of them.”

               Threw above quote he talks about that the poems were written by Wordsworth but day by day his admirers were getting increased and what was the reason behind it and what was the aim of it .

                 He further says Wordsworth’s poems were childish and silly therefore many admirerers and even youngsters read his poems . And he says that by increasing his admirers Coleridge for it gives full credit to Wordsworth. Because of his poetical creed and increased admirers.

                  Thus, we can say that Coleridge has not takes all the point but he has also discussed on volume-2 also about the poems written by Wordsworth . And so he has discussed about the simplysity of  poems written by Wordsworth, threw the Biographia Literaria by Coleridge.

                Hence we may say that , Coleridge is frank enough to pointout that some of the view Wordsworth were nothing wrong in principal and contradictory only in parts of the preface but also the practice of the poet himself many of his poems.

                  “The moon doth with delight

                   Look round her when the heaven are

                    Bare”

                    Waters on a starry night

                      Are beautiful and fair”    

                                       By Wordsworth…..

 “ o! the one life within us and abroad

Which meets all motions and becomes its soul

A light in sound a sound like power in night

Rhythm in all thought and joyance everywhere”

                    By Coleridge…….

             By comparing both poets’ poems we can found that Wordsworth  has given the example and described the poems based on natural elements. While Coleridge has described the poem threw humanized objects and elements.

                   And so Coleridge says that Wordsworth’s poems were childish and innocent in the theory of Biographia Literaria.

           

v      Difference between prose and poetry:-

                    Coleridge defines difference between poems and poetry a according to chapter-14. Before edifferentiate poem and poetry a question was raised in our mind that what is a poem? And What is a poetry?

           What is poetry?

                

       According to Coleridge “Poetry of the highest kind may exist without meter and even without rhyme and was contradistinguish object of mind :”

               Coleridge explains that we can’t found any meter or rhyme into poetry because it was not the imagination of poet’s mind and for proved this he gives the example of Plato, Jeremy Tyler and Bible.And he says that we fond true quality on the above point of poetry. Because in poetry we can’t found imagination but we can find history and reality.

He also says that poetry is not port’s imagination but it was the activity of poet’s mind. 
Coleridge gives the example of painters, philosophers, and scientists that how they were thinking and doing the mind’s activity and poetry is such type of thing which was activity of poet’s mind.

                     Thus, poetry in the large sense bring’s the’ whole soul of men ‘ into activity, with each faculty playing its proper part according to its ‘relative worth and dignity’.

                            This takes synthesizing the place in the integrating , powers of the secondry imagination art at work bringing all espect of subject into complex unity, then poetry in the large sense results.

                     Thus, we can says that poetry is not imagination of poet’s mind but it was an activity of poets mind which has not meter not rhyme and not  imagination.

v      Wht is poem ?

                   Coleridge says that poem is based on imagination of poet’s mind and so it has not any  reality.

                        Poems only gives pleasure and joy and poems always created with the help of meter and rhyme or rhythm. And so poetry is totally differ from poems. He says that by modifies the images ,thoughts and emotions of the poets own mind poems were created.

                       And so if we say only in one word that what is poems? So answer is that poem is an imagination of poet’s mind. And it was written for giving pleasure and joy and so these elements we can’t found into the poetry. And so poems were created by imagination. And poets were distinguished from the minds activity and then they creates poems.

                               So thus, hear we can find that how poetry is totally differ from the poem by Coleridge’s chapter -14 Biographia Literaria; that how Coleridge differentiates prose and poems and also poetry  and poems.

                      And with it we can proved that why Coleridge  indicates to Wordsworth that his poems were childish reason was that his poems were based on imagination while Milton’s poetry is based on Bible and poet’s activity and so there is a vast difference we found in poems and poetry by Coleridge’s chapter-14, Biographia Literaria.

v      Difference  between prose and poems:-

                    In the chapter -14 Biographia Literaria by Coleridge we find the difference between prose and poetry .

                  As we all know that poems were based on poet’s imagination and it has also meter and rhyme. But prose is distinguished by meter and rhyme and that was do difference between prose and poem.

    The poems contains same elements as a prose composition but this is difference between the combination of same elements and that are objects, aim and its composition.

                           And towards artificial combination and arrangement of words poet put an idea of imagination and  makes a poem . While prose so totally different toward poem because in prose we can’t found meter, rhyme or any other things for example…

                  “Thirty days hath September April,

                      June and November and c”

                     On above example  we find there is not used any meter or rhyme . Coleridge says that mere super addition of meter and rhyme does not make a poem.

                  While he says that prose has its own ultimate end . And it was based on truth and history like scientific and historical composition, and it become prose and its purpose to convey the truth towards the world and readers. And its given facts and themes gives ultimate truth and the end may be moral is call prose.

                    Thus, Coleridge has distinguish prose and poetry by ch-14 and it was distinguished by taking the help of prose , poetry, poems and other critics. And it was the totally difference we found between prose and poems by same objects.

       Conclusion:--

Here we found that great poet Samuel Taylore Coleridge has written a theory which was ‘Biographia Literaria’. And it contains 24 chapters and we have learned only 14^th chapter but we  found that how Coleridge has differicianted the things like prose, poems and poetry and also the great poem and poet Wordsworth also.

        

       And hear Coleridge in this critical distinguish, concern himself not only with the practice of  criticism but also its theory. And the theory of 14^th chapter distinguishing many and thing by its own objects and with examples which we found in 14^th chapter Biographia Literaria by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.